INFERTILITY DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Infertility is not a disease but a condition where in a particular couple is not able to conceive or become pregnant. Infertility problems can be due to either the woman or the man, or it can be even due to problems in both partners.
Before infertility testing, your doctor works to understand your sexual habits and give suggestions to improve your chances of getting pregnant. Infertility evaluation can be an expensive and uncomfortable procedure.
PROBLEMS
- Ovulation Problems
The main reason for the ovulation problem is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).Our doctors can help you with the treatment based on the information you share regarding previous menstrual cycles. Blood testing and ultrasound studies of the ovaries at various times of the menstrual cycle can help to conclude whether there is likely to be an ovulation disorder or not. Cumulative pregnancy success rates are high with treatment when the issue is an ovulation problem. - Polycystic Ovaries (PCOS)
PCOS known as polycystic ovarian syndrome, can be the main reason for anovulation and female infertility. It is also known as PCODs (polycystic ovarian disease). Women who are having fertility issues due to polycystic ovaries face issues in releasing eggs regularly and their ovaries have tiny cystic structures. In this case, blood tests are done and offered treatment of various types. They are listed below> polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
> evidence of elevated testosterone
> irregular menstrual cycles.
Our dedicated and expert team has decades of experience in offering treatments to people who are facing PCOS issues.
- Endometriosis
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue grows on your ovaries, bowel, and tissue lining in your pelvis. It’s unusual for endometrial tissue to spread beyond your pelvic region and Endometrial tissue growing outside of your uterus is known as an endometrial implant.
The hormonal changes in women’s menstrual cycle affect the misplaced endometrial tissue, causing that area to become inflamed. This also causes pain and the tissue will grow, thicken, and break down. Slowly, the tissue that has broken down has nowhere to go and becomes trapped in your pelvis. There are many treatment options for endometriosis and the treatment depends upon the severity of the disease, its location in your pelvis, your age, and length of infertility.
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- Tubal factor
Tubal factor infertility occurs when the fallopian tubes are blocked due to diseases, damage, scarring, or obstructions that prevent sperm from reaching an egg for fertilization and are mostly caused by pelvic inflammatory disease. It prevents an embryo from reaching the uterus for pregnancy. Tubal factor infertility can be treated surgically to repair the tubes, depending on the damage caused. Women with tubal problems that cannot be surgically corrected and in some cases, people who do not want the surgery can undergo in vitro fertilization. . This may include removing severely damaged tubes before IVF.For a distal block or hydrosalpinx, tubal surgery can attempt repair of the tube by opening up the blocked end. Hydrosalpinx can also decrease fertility rates in women attempting to do IVF. Removal of the diseased tube restores pregnancy chances with IVF.
- Uterine Problems
Uterine problems are of different kinds and it is caused by issues in the uterus and uterine lining. This leads to infertility and miscarriage. Few types are:> uterine polyps
> uterine fibroids
> intrauterine adhesions (Asherman’s Syndrome)
> congenital uterine malformations, such as a bicornuate uterus, a T-shaped uterus, or a uterine septum
> luteal phase defect
>thin endometrial lining
> Uterine isthmocele (defect at prior cesarean section scar)
For treating this issue, hysteroscopy is a surgical procedure that allows us to see any defects inside the cavity and treatment varies from person to person.
- Unexplained Infertility
In a few cases, after following standard infertility tests and procedures results are not up to mark. Cases, where doctors are unable to identify the reason for infertility, are referred In such cases, there would be results with treatment options like oral medication (Clomid, Letrozole); intrauterine stimulation (IUI); and in vitro fertilization (IVF).
- Male infertility
Male infertility is a condition in men that lowers the chances of their female partner getting pregnant. There are many causes for infertility in men and women and many cases, the problem is with men. This is due to problems with his sperm production or with sperm delivery.
TREATMENTS
- Physical exam and Ultrasound
Our team conducts a physical exam that includes a pelvic ultrasound. Ultrasounds can help us to discover abnormalities with the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
- Ovarian Reserve test
This test is to assess the woman’s remaining egg supply and it is done through blood testing and ultrasounds.
- Semen analysis
This test is performed in the initial stages of the evaluation process and if there is an issue with sperm, the testing on the female patient is modified and therapy is directed to the sperm problem.
- Blood tests
Blood tests are conducted to diagnose the issue and the list of the test includes – day 3 follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), AMH, prolactin, testosterone (T), progesterone (P4), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), thyroxin (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). If there is a history of recurrent miscarriages (2 or more) a lupus anticoagulant (LAC) and anticardiolipin antibody (ACL) are often done, as well as other tests.
- Hysterosalpingogram (HSG or Dye Test)
This test assesses the uterus and fallopian tubes and is generally done between days 6 and 13 of the cycle. It is often performed in a radiology facility.
- Hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy is the test conducted inside of the cervix and uterus using a thin, lighted, flexible tube called a hysteroscope. Your healthcare provider inserts the device through the vagina and he takes a tissue sample and removes polyps or fibroid tumors to prevent bleeding by destroying tissue using electric current, freezing, heat, or chemicals
- Laparoscopy
Laparoscopy, also referred to as diagnostic laparoscopy, is a surgical diagnostic procedure used to examine the organs inside the abdomen. Laparoscopy uses an instrument called a laparoscope to look at the abdominal organs and it is a long, thin tube with a high-intensity light and a high-resolution camera at the front. The instrument is inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall and sends images to the video monitor as it moves.